Umbilicaria decussata/title>  <meta http-equiv=Content-Type content="text/html; charset=windows-1252" /> <style type="text/css"> /*<![CDATA[*/ @import url("../css/master.css"); /*]]>*/ .h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {;margin:5px 0 0 0;padding:0;background:transparent;color:#000;text-align:left} .h1 {font-size:1.9em;margin:11px 0 0 0;} .h2 {font-size:1.6em;font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif;} .h3 {font-size:1.4em;text-align:center;font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif;} .h4 {font-size:1.2em} .h5 {font-size:1.4em;margin:24px 0 0 0;text-align:center;font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif;} .h6 {font-size:1.4em;margin:24px 0 0 0;text-align:center;font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif;} .p1 {font-size:1.0em;margin:24px 0 0 0;font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif;} .p2 {font-size:1.0em;margin:6px 0 0 0;font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif;} .p3 {font-size:0.8em;margin-left:2%;font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif;} .p4 {font-size:0.9em;font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif;} .p5 {font-size:0.9em;margin:18px 15px;font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif;} .p6 {font-size:0.9em;margin:0px 15px;font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif;} p {font-size:0.9em;margin:5px 15px;padding:0px;font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif;} .center {text-align:center} .content { width:70%; 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Zahlbr.</td> </tr> <tr> <td width="5%"> </td> <td width="60%"> </td> <td width="35%"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td align="left" class="style2"><p><em>Cat. Lich. Univ.</em> 8: 490 (1932)</p> <p><em>Lichen decussatus</em> Vill., <em>Hist. Pl. Dauphine</em> 3: 964, pl. LV (1789).</p> <p>T: Dauphine (Hauts Alpes), France; holo: the illustration in Villars.</p></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td align="left"><span class="style2">Thallus usually monophyllous, orbicular, 1–8 cm wide, rarely polyphyllous, coriaceous, rigid; margins entire or variously incised, becoming ±torn, often upturned. Upper surface dull, pale to dark grey or brownish grey, scabrid, markedly faveolate-reticulate, with sharp ridges radiating from the elevated umbo, decreasing towards the margins, with a whitish coarsely granular necral layer centrally or extending onto ridges, with or without thick blackened and glossy margins. Isidia and soredia absent. Lower surface grey to pale brown, smooth, rarely with very fine wrinkles, commonly bullate, ±continuously covered with sooty black thalloconidia with a narrow grey to pale brown or occasionally patchy peripheral zone; rhizinomorphs absent. Thalloconidia single-celled, spherical to ovoid, 6–8 µm diam. Apothecia rare in Australian material, scattered, 1–3 mm diam., black, initially adnate, becoming substipitate; disc plane, not gyrose, often with a central column of sterile tissue (omphalodisc), becoming convex and distorted with age. Ascospores simple, ellipsoidal, colourless, 6–13 × 3–7 µm (only immature ascospores seen). Pycnidia not seen for Australian material; Wei & Jiang (1993) reported bacilliform conidia 2–3 × 1 µm.<br> CHEMISTRY: Medulla K–, C+ red or C–, KC+ red or KC–, P–; containing gyrophoric acid (major), lecanoric acid (minor). Narui <em>et al.</em> (1996) reported ovoic acid (minor), but this has not been confirmed for Australian specimens.</span></td> <td align="right"></img></td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td align="left" class="style2">Occurs in N.S.W., A.C.T., Vic. and Tas.; grows on exposed, windswept, alpine rocks or on sheltered rock outcrops. Also in North and South America, Europe, northern Asia, Antarctica and New Zealand.</td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td align="left"></img></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td class="style1">Louwhoff (2009c)</td> <td> </td> </tr> </table> <hr size="2" width="100%" align="center" /> <center> <table width="80%" border="0" cellspacing="0" > <tr bgcolor="#ffeeaa"> <td align="left"><span class="p5"><strong>Checklist Index</strong></span></td> </tr> <tr align="left" bgcolor="#ffffdd"> <td align="left"><span class="p3"><strong><font color="#000000"><a href="../introduction.html">Introduction</a> |<a href="../lichenchecklist_a_d.html"> A–D</a> | <a href="../lichenchecklist_e_o.html">E–O</a> | <a href="../lichenchecklist_p_r.html">P–R</a> | <a href="../lichenchecklist_s_z.html">S–Z</a> | <a href="../lichenchecklist_oceanic_islands.html">Oceanic Islands</a> | <a href="../references.html">References</a></font></strong></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left"> </td> </tr> <tr align="left" bgcolor="#ffffdd"> <td align="left"> </td> </tr> </table> </center> <div> <div align="center" class="style3"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;color:red">Copyright</span></div> </div> <div><p class="p3">This work is copyright. 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